Startups and high-growth companies have negative earnings and huge uncertainty. Standard DCF breaks down โ here's how to adapt it.
FV, r, n) โ or type numbers directly: 10000 / (1 + 0.08)^1010000 / (1 + 0.08)^10How do you value Uber in 2015 when it loses $1 billion a year? Or a biotech with no approved drug? Normal profit-based valuation gives you $0 or nonsense. You need a different framework.
For young companies: value = probability-weighted expected value at maturity. You project what the company looks like IF it succeeds (revenue, margins, value), then multiply by the probability it actually gets there. Always account for failure.